What are some simple steps to harden your network?
By James Bowman, Data Rescue
Hardening your network involves strengthening its security to protect against unauthorized access and cyber threats. Here are some simple steps to secure your network:
- Change Default Router Credentials
- Change the admin username and password: Default credentials are easy for attackers to guess. Log into your router and change both the username and password to something unique and complex.
- Avoid using the default router IP: If possible, change the IP address to something less predictable.
- Use Strong Wi-Fi Encryption
- Enable WPA3 (or WPA2 if WPA3 is not available): WPA3 is the latest and most secure encryption standard for Wi-Fi. WPA2 is still strong if WPA3 is unavailable.
- Avoid WEP encryption: WEP is outdated and can easily be hacked.
- Change Your SSID (Network Name)
- Avoid using default names like “Linksys” or “Netgear” as they give clues about your router model, making it easier for attackers.
- Use a unique SSID that doesn’t personally identify you or your location.
- Disable WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup)
WPS can be exploited by attackers to gain access to your network. Disabling it adds another layer of security.
- Create a Strong Wi-Fi Password
- Use a long and complex password: At least 12-16 characters, including numbers, letters (upper and lower case), and symbols.
- Change your password regularly: Even if you don’t suspect any breach.
- Use a Guest Network for Visitors
Set up a separate guest Wi-Fi network for visitors or IoT devices (smart thermostats, cameras, etc.). This keeps your primary network isolated from potential threats.
- Keep Router Firmware Up to Date
Router manufacturers often release updates to patch security vulnerabilities. Regularly check and update your router’s firmware through the router’s admin page.
- Disable Remote Management
Unless necessary, turn off remote management. This feature allows you to access your router from outside your home but can be exploited by attackers.
- Enable MAC Address Filtering
MAC address filtering allows you to specify which devices can connect to your network. While this isn’t foolproof, it adds an additional layer of protection.
- Turn Off SSID Broadcasting
If you don’t need to publicly broadcast your network name, you can disable SSID broadcasting. While it’s not a strong defense on its own, it hides your network from casual users.
- Limit DHCP Lease Time
Reduce the DHCP lease time (the amount of time devices can hold an IP address). This makes it harder for unauthorized devices to maintain a connection over extended periods.
- Use a VPN on Your Network
A VPN (Virtual Private Network) encrypts all traffic between your devices and the internet, offering another layer of protection, especially when connecting to public networks.
- Monitor Your Network Regularly
- Use apps like Fing or GlassWire to monitor your network for unknown devices.
- Enable notifications for when new devices join your network.
- Turn Off Devices When Not in Use
If you’re not using certain devices or don’t need the Wi-Fi on, turn them off or disable the Wi-Fi. This limits the exposure of your network.
- Implement Firewalls
Most routers come with a built-in firewall. Ensure it’s enabled to filter incoming and outgoing traffic based on security rules. You can also install a software firewall on your devices for extra protection.
By following these steps, you can significantly reduce the risk of unauthorized access and other security threats to your home network.
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